通过机器学习整合呼吸道微生物群和宿主免疫反应,用于呼吸道感染诊断
Hongbin Chen1, Tianqi Qi2, Siyu Guo3
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China. chenhongbin_pkuph@163.com.
NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
|September 12, 2024
概括
诊断下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 是一个挑战. 将下呼吸道微生物组 (LRTM) 和宿主基因数据与机器学习相结合,为LRTIs提供了一个有前途的新诊断工具.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 存在诊断挑战,需要改进方法.
- 下呼吸道微生物组 (LRTM) 与宿主免疫反应在LRTIs之间的相互作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在LRTIs期间调查LRTM和宿主免疫反应的变化.
- 开发和验证LRTIs的诊断模型,整合LRTM和宿主转录组数据.
主要方法:
- 对136名患者的支气管洗液 (BALF) 的转录分析.
- 差异基因表达分析以确定宿主免疫反应.
- 使用随机森林分类器开发机器学习模型.
主要成果:
- 慢性转录病毒感染与减少LRTM多样性,减少共生细菌和增加机会性病原体 (如Klebsiella pneumoniae) 相关.
- 主体基因表达揭示了感染和免疫反应途径的丰富,K. pneumoniae和炎症基因之间存在特定的相关性.
- 整合LRTM和宿主转录组数据的机器学习模型在区分LRTIs方面实现了高性能 (ROC AUC:0.937).
结论:
- 该研究强调了LRTM和宿主免疫反应在LRTIs期间的显著变化.
- 结合微生物组和宿主转录组数据的综合诊断模型显示了作为LRTIs诊断的有效工具的潜力.
- 该模型的进一步验证可以改善LRTIs的临床诊断和管理.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:16The Respiratory System
The respiratory system is comprised of the organs that enable breathing. Air enters the nostrils and mouth, followed by the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box), which lead to the trachea (windpipe). In the thoracic cavity, the trachea splits into two bronchi that allow air to enter the lungs. The bronchi split into progressively smaller bronchioles and terminate in small groups of tiny sacs in the lungs called alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
01:30Application of Integration: Problem Solving
The process of breathing involves the periodic intake and expulsion of air, known as the respiratory cycle, which typically lasts about five seconds. Modeling the volume of air inhaled into the lungs as a function of time provides insight into both the dynamics and efficiency of pulmonary ventilation. This volume is determined by integrating the airflow rate over time, which captures the cumulative effect of air entering the lungs.Sinusoidal Model of AirflowAirflow during respiration is not...
01:29Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...