在持续的听觉注意力过程中,相反的神经处理模式节奏地交替
Florian H Kasten1,2,3, Quentin Busson4, Benedikt Zoefel5,6
1Department for Cognitive, Affective, Behavioral Neuroscience with Focus Neurostimulation, Institute of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany. florian.kasten@uni-trier.de.
Communications biology
|September 12, 2024
概括
人类的注意力自然在处理外部刺激和内部思想之间波动. 这项研究揭示了相反的大脑网络活动,神经引进和α振荡,这些在持续的注意力任务中是这些转变的基础.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 人类在连续任务中的表现会出现自发的波动,这可能是由于注意力资源的动态变化.
- 提出了"内部"与"外部"注意力的二分法,其中内部分配的神经资源可能导致错过的外部感官输入.
研究的目的:
- 研究与内部和外部注意模式相关的神经特征的时间动态.
- 为了确定这些神经模式是否会定期波动,并与持续的注意力任务中的表现有关.
主要方法:
- 利用脑电图 (EEG) 记录人类在涉及听觉刺激的持续注意任务期间的大脑活动.
- 提取了神经引进 (语音处理) 和α振荡 (~10-Hz,感官抑制) 作为分别是外部和内部注意力的标记.
- 分析了这些神经标记物的时间波动及其与听觉目标检测的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在不同的大脑网络中确定了神经与语音和α振荡之间的对抗关系.
- 在这些相反的神经模式中观察到缓慢的周期性波动 (大约0.07 Hz).
- 证明这些波动与检测听觉目标的能力有很大关系.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,一种普遍的,保存的注意力机制涉及处理外部信息和内部状态的相反的神经模式.
- 这些注意力周期性波动对于需要持续关注感官信息的任务具有关键意义.
- 该研究提供了关于注意力的神经基础及其对要求认知任务的表现的影响的见解.
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