在美国东南部的临床护理环境中,艾滋病毒感染者中粮食不安全的患病率和风险因素
Lara A Valerio1,2, Michelle Castillo Rzepka3, Thibaut Davy-Mendez4,5
1UNC Medical Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. la_valerio@med.unc.edu.
AIDS and behavior
|September 12, 2024
概括
在东南地区的一家诊所,36%的艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 患有粮食不安全感,不成比例地影响女性,跨性别者和种族/民族少数群体. 许多粮食不安全的PWH无法获得基本的粮食援助计划.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 粮食不安全 (FI) 与艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的负面健康结果有关.
- 关于南方非城市环境中PWH中FI的数据有限.
- 了解FI对于解决PWH的健康差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在东南地区的一家艾滋病毒诊所调查PWH中粮食不安全的流行情况.
- 为了确定与粮食不安全相关的风险因素在这个人群中.
- 评估经历粮食不安全的PWH获得粮食援助服务的机会.
主要方法:
- 在2021-2022年期间在东南地区的一家艾滋病毒诊所对479个PWH进行FI查的回顾性分析.
- 基于人口和临床特征的FI未经调整的流行率 (PRs) 的估计.
- 对食品储藏室和营养援助计划的获取情况的分析.
主要成果:
- 整体FI患病率为36.3% (95%CI为32.3%-40.9%).
- 半性别女性 (PR 1.24) 跨性别成年人 (PR 2.03),非西班牙裔黑人 (PR 1.71) 和西班牙裔PWH (PR 2.44) 的FI患病率较高.
- 病毒载量≥200拷贝/毫升 (PR 1.42) 的PWH和缺乏私人医疗保险的人体验了更高的FI.
- 几乎一半的FI的PWH无法进入食品储藏室或营养援助计划.
结论:
- 粮食不安全是PWH在东南部非城市环境中的一个重要问题,突出了性别和种族/民族差异.
- FI可能有助于病毒非抑制和不良的并发症管理.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施,以改善脆弱的PWH人口获得粮食援助的机会.
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