在COVID-19大流行期间,台湾的可通报传染病负担变化
Ying-Fei Yang1, Yu-Miao Chen2, Si-Yu Chen2
1Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
PeerJ
|September 13, 2024
概括
随着COVID-19大流行,台湾可报告传染病 (NID) 的疾病负担有所降低,残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 显著下降. 结核病,艾滋病毒/艾滋病和乙型/乙型肝炎仍然是导致疾病负担的主要原因.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行导致了广泛的非药物干预 (NPI).
- 评估大流行对其他可报告传染病 (NID) 的影响对于公共卫生规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19大流行对台湾NIDs疾病负担的影响.
- 为了比较2020年的疾病负担 (与NPI) 与2010年的疾病负担 (流行病前基线).
主要方法:
- 使用台湾传染病统计和监测报告分析了43个国家NID.
- 计算的残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs),失去了生命年 (YLLs) 和残疾生活年 (YLDs).
- 按传播类别,性别和年龄组进行分层分析.
主要成果:
- 与2010年相比,台湾在2020年经历了每百万人口317个DALY的下降.
- 分析的NID数量从43个下降到43个,整体DALYs减少.
- 结核病,艾滋病毒/艾滋病和急性乙型肝炎/乙型肝炎是DALY的主要原因,从2010年的89%降至2020年的77%
结论:
- 这项研究为台湾在COVID-19后的NID负担变化提供了第一个全国性的洞察力.
- 研究结果强调需要针对性预防措施和专注于特定高负担疾病的健康政策.
- 疫情对NID的影响需要持续的监测和适应性的公共卫生策略.
相关概念视频
01:18Steps in Outbreak Investigation
114
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
114
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
3.5K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
3.5K
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
172
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
172
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
225
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
225
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.5K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.5K
01:20Infection
7.8K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
7.8K