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精神病和衰老对被诊断为精神分裂谱系障碍患者的认知功能的累积影响:一种认知领域的方法
Panagiotis A Malliaris1,2, Nikiforos V Angelopoulos2, Efthimios Dardiotis3
1Department of Psychiatry, Athens General Hospital "Evangelismos", Athens, GRC.
Cureus
|September 13, 2024
概括
精神分裂症谱系障碍的认知衰退随着年龄的增长而加快,特别是在中年之后. 这项研究发现,在不同年龄组和领域的患者和对照人群之间,认知功能存在显著差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症谱系障碍涉及认知能力下降,甚至在早期阶段也明显.
- 老龄化自然会导致认知能力下降,影响中枢神经系统.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同年龄组的精神疾病患者与健康对照者的认知功能.
- 调查精神分裂症谱系障碍患者年龄和认知表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 60名患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的患者 (20-59岁) 和60名健康对照人使用希腊版本的蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 进行了评估.
- 统计分析包括年龄与MoCA分数,ANOVA和t测试之间的相关性,以比较群体和年龄层.
- 参与者从塞萨利,希腊中部招募,并根据年龄和教育程度进行匹配.
主要成果:
- 在患者和对照组中观察到年龄和MoCA得分之间的负相关性.
- 患者的MoCA分数明显低于对照组的总体和大多数年龄组 (20-29,40-49,50-59),除30-39岁外.
- 特定的认知领域,如注意力,语言和视觉空间/执行功能在患者中显著受损,在各年龄组有不同的模式,表明中年后的加速衰退.
结论:
- 与对照人群相比,精神病患者的认知能力下降随着年龄的增长而加快.
- 由于衰老和精神病的联合影响,患者存在明显的认知领域衰退的特定年龄模式.
- 建议进行进一步的多中心研究,以验证发现并开发认知干预措施.
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