艾滋病毒-1 Vpr诱导的DNA损伤通过ATM-NEMO独立于细胞周期停止激活NF-κB
Carina Sandoval1, Karly Nisson1, Oliver I Fregoso1,2
1Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
mBio
|September 13, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒辅助蛋白Vpr引发DNA损伤,激活ATM-NEMO通路和NF-κB转录. 这一过程对于病毒复制至关重要,它独立于细胞循环停止,甚至发生在感染的早期.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 隐形病毒拥有辅助蛋白质,包括Vpr,其在病毒复制中的确切作用仍然不完全理解.
- 已知Vpr与宿主DNA损伤反应 (DDR) 途径相互作用,影响信号传递和细胞周期进展.
- Vpr诱导的DNA损伤的特定细胞后果及其与其他Vpr功能的联系在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明Vpr诱导的DNA损伤的细胞后果.
- 研究Vpr调节宿主DNA损伤反应和转录活动的机制.
- 确定Vpr诱导的DNA损伤和NF-κB激活在HIV复制中的作用,特别是在巨细胞中.
主要方法:
- 用RNA测序 (RNA-seq) 来分析表达Vpr及其突变的细胞的转录变化.
- 在组织培养的U2OS细胞和初级人类单细胞衍生巨细胞 (MDMs) 中进行了实验.
- 使用NEMO的抑制来评估其在Vpr介导的NF-κB激活和转录重编程中的作用.
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒-1 Vpr诱导的DNA损伤激活ATM-NF-κB基本调节器 (NEMO) 途径,并通过NF-κB/RelA改变细胞转录.
- 正如RNA-seq分析所证明的那样,Vpr改变了宿主转录组,独立于细胞周期停止.
- 在U2OS细胞和MDM中,Vpr激活了突变的太阳系突变 (ATM) 和NF-κB/RelA信号级联.
- 抑制NEMO阻止了Vpr诱导的NF-κB激活,强调了NEMO在Vpr介导的转录重编程中的重要性.
- 病毒传递的Vpr诱导了DNA损伤,并在感染早期激活了ATM-NEMO依赖NF-κB转录.
结论:
- Vpr诱导的DNA损伤激活ATM-NEMO通路,导致NF-κB介导的转录重编程,独立于细胞周期停止.
- 这种通过DNA损伤和ATM-NEMO信号传递的NF-κB的Vpr介导激活被提议在限制性细胞环境 (如巨细胞) 中增强HIV复制.
- 这些发现提供了Vpr,宿主DNA损伤反应和转录调制之间的机制联系,这对于建立生产性HIV-1感染至关重要.
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