基于理论和基于证据的护理干预措施,以预防重症监护病房重症监护病房中获得的弱点:系统审查
Qin Xu1, Jie Tan1, Yixuan Wang1
1Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
PloS one
|September 13, 2024
概括
基于理论和证据的护理干预措施有效地预防了重症监护室所获得的弱点,并减少了妄想的发生率. 这些复杂的干预措施结合了理疗,营养和心理护理,改善了患者的结果,缩短了住院时间.
科学领域:
- 关键护理护理 关键护理护理
- 基于证据的实践.
- 患者康复 患者康复
背景情况:
- 在重症监护室获得的虚弱 (ICU-AW) 是重症患者的重大并发症.
- 早期识别和预防策略对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 关于ICU-AW预防理论和基于证据的护理干预措施的现有证据需要综合.
研究的目的:
- 综合和绘制理论和基于证据的护理干预措施的证据,旨在预防ICU-AW.
- 评估这些干预措施对ICU-AW发生率,妄想和住院时间的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,CINAHL,MEDLINE等) 中进行了全面的系统文献搜索. 在2023年11月之前.
- 包括的研究集中在接受基于理论和证据的护理干预措施的重症患者身上.
- 使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的工具评估了方法质量;数据以叙事方式合成.
主要成果:
- 包括9项研究,揭示了关键干预包括物理治疗 (包括神经肌肉电刺激和早期康复) 和营养支持.
- 其他干预措施包括呼吸道管理,镇静/止痛,并发症预防和心理护理.
- 基于理论或证据的干预措施显著降低了ICU-AW发生率,减少了妄想,缩短了住院时间,改善了自我护理和生活质量.
结论:
- 基于理论和证据的护理干预措施在预防重症病患者的ICU-AW方面取得了积极的结果.
- 结合起来,多组件干预比单个干预更有效.
- 建议在未来进行高质量的随机对照试验,以证实这些发现,将预防措施视为复杂干预.
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