潮湿的军装带来了低温的低风险,而在温和的冷空气中静态
Afton D Seeley1, Phillip O Bodurtha1,2, Andrew M Greenfield1,2
1U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA.
概括
潮湿的军装在静态寒冷中不会增加低温风险,但会显著降低手指的灵敏度. 低速行走有助于略微提高体温,但不能完全恢复手指的温暖.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 热舒适度 热舒适度 热舒适度
背景情况:
- 潮湿的衣服在寒冷的环境中显著增加了热量损失.
- 战斗人员可能会在潮湿制服中面临静态暴露,增加了低温风险.
- 静态姿势期间有限的热量产生加剧了寒冷压力.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估体温和低温风险在静态寒冷暴露期间在湿军服.
- 为了评估低速负荷行走在减轻寒冷压力的有效性.
- 为了比较三个不同的湿军服的热性能.
主要方法:
- 十二名成年人在5°C的空气中进行了三次180分钟的试验,他们穿着潮湿的改良热天气作战制服 (IHWCU),陆军作战制服 (ACU) 或带有丝重量基层的ACU (ACU+).
- 每个试验包括在冷水浸泡后60分钟的静态暴露,随后120分钟的负载行走.
- 连续监测直肠和手指的温度,以评估热反应.
主要成果:
- 在静态暴露期间,在三个湿衣中没有观察到直肠温度 (T_re) 曲线下显著差异;T_re略有增加.
- 在静态暴露60分钟后,低温风险似乎最小,无论穿着什么制服.
- 指的温度明显下降 (∼20-23°C),这表明灵巧度存在重大风险.
- 低速负载行走引发了直肠和外周温度的轻微升高,但并没有完全恢复手指的温暖.
结论:
- 穿着湿军装 (IHWCU,ACU,ACU+) 在5°C空气中60分钟静态暴露期间不会增加低温风险.
- 指部温度的显著降低对战斗机的灵巧性构成了相当大的威胁.
- 虽然有负载的步行可以帮助逆转负热储存,但不足以完全回暖四肢.
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