在患有自闭症谱系障碍的成年人中,侧侧皮质的功能变化用于处理语音表达
Ryu-Ichiro Hashimoto1,2, Rieko Okada3, Ryuta Aoki2,4
1Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, 6-11-11 Kita-Karasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|September 13, 2024
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人在特定的语音处理区域对情感声音的脑反应减少. 处理情感表情的这些差异与症状严重程度相关,影响社会沟通.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 人类的听觉系统有专门的区域来处理语音信息,包括情绪表达.
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人经常表现出难以识别情感表现的困难,但根本的神经机制尚未完全理解.
- 局部化语音补丁 (VPs) 和其他语音敏感区域在自闭症过程中发生的功能性变化仍然未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 与使用fMRI的对照人群相比,研究与ASD成年男性进行神经响应,以检测他们对表情声音的神经反应.
- 检查局部语音敏感区域,特别是时间语音补丁 (TVP) 在处理ASD情感表情时如何功能性地改变.
- 为了将神经响应差异与自闭症症状的严重程度相关联.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于研究25名患有自闭症的成年男性和33名神经类型对照.
- 一个独立的语音定位器使用功能性兴趣区域分析识别了多个语音补丁 (VP).
- 代表性相似性分析 (RSA) 用于检查与情绪强度相关的多素激活模式.
主要成果:
- 在患有自闭症的个体中,在左后部VP (TVP) 和右中部TVP的特定VP中观察到对声的反应总体减少.
- 右中部TVP皮质反应的减少与不同情绪表现体内的自闭症症状的严重程度一致相关.
- 代表性相似性分析揭示了左前上皮质的情绪强度依赖的多维素激活模式的改变,特别是在悲伤的表情中.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的成年人表现出在特定的时间语音补丁中对语音前奏曲的响应幅度减少.
- 在ASD中,情绪强度依赖的神经激活模式的改变可能会导致社会沟通困难.
- 这些发现突出了语音处理中的特定神经变化,这可能是自闭症谱系障碍中社会沟通挑战的基础.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
76
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
76
01:28Lateralization
317
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
317
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
772
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
772
01:26Modeling in Therapy
59
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
59
01:31Hearing
51.9K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
51.9K