分析致命的警察枪击事件:社会脆弱性,种族和地点在美国的作用
Hossein Zare1, Andrea N Ponce2, Rebecca Valek3
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; The School of Business, University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC).
American journal of preventive medicine
|September 13, 2024
概括
致命的警察枪击事件不成比例地影响着高度社会脆弱和少数民族人口的地区. 解决社会因素,种族和地理位置之间的复杂相互作用对于公平的警察工作至关重要.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 社会脆弱性,种族和地理位置是致命的警察枪击事件的关键预测因素.
- 这项研究提供了对这些关键因素的第一个邮政编码级别分析.
研究的目的:
- 评估社会脆弱性,种族组成和邮政编码层面的致命警察枪击事件之间的关联.
- 为了确定美国致命警察枪击事件的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 采用了警方暴力和华盛顿邮报致命力量 (2015-2022) 地图和美国社区调查 (2015-2022) 的数据.
- 计算了每个邮政编码的社会脆弱性指数 (SVI),将其分类为低,中,高脆弱性.
- 采用负二项回归 (NBRG) 模型来分析警方致命枪击事件与邮政编码特征之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 致命的警察枪击事件从低到高SVI邮政编码增加了8.3倍,黑人 (20.4倍) 和西班牙裔 (27.1倍) 的人口大幅增加.
- 中等和高SVI邮政编码显示,与低SVI邮政编码相比,致命的警察枪击事件的发生率显著更高 (分别为1.97x和3.26x).
- 邮政编码种族组成,劳动年龄人口,暴力犯罪率,警察数量和枪支准入也被确定为预测因素.
结论:
- 社会脆弱性和种族构成独立而互动地与致命的警察枪击事件有关.
- 致命的警察枪击事件是社会脆弱性,种族和地点之间的复杂相互作用的结果,需要同步干预.
- 迫切需要采取行动,以解决警察差异的根本决定因素.
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