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长期读取的DNA和cDNA测序识别了瘤抑制基因的癌症倾向性深层内基因变异
Suleyman Gulsuner1, Amal AbuRayyan1, Jessica B Mandell1
1Departments of Medicine (Medical Genetics) and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7720, USA.
Genome research
|September 13, 2024
概括
深层内在变异,通常错过了标准遗传检测,可以导致罕见疾病. 长读测序确定了癌症倾向基因中的致病性深内基因变异,揭示了新的诊断方法.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 癌症遗传学 癌症遗传学
背景情况:
- 由于技术限制和低估其病原性潜力,深层内在变异很少被调查.
- 目前的基因测试往往不包括完整的内基序列,阻碍了引起疾病的深层内基变异的检测.
- 复杂的基因组区域和in silico预测工具的局限性在历史上掩盖了深层内基因变异的作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查遗传性癌症家族中罕见的深层内基变异的频率和功能后果.
- 为了确定以前的基因组和cDNA分析中遗漏的致病性深层内在变异.
- 评估长读测序技术对于深度内源变种检测的实用性.
主要方法:
- 采用多重适应性采样,对来自患者的样本进行长时间读取的DNA和cDNA测序.
- 系统地分析了10个关键瘤抑制基因的深层内部区域.
- 使用SpliceAI和Pangolin通过长读cDNA测序进行变异功能影响的in silico预测和确认异常转录.
主要成果:
- 在之前未解决的癌症家族中的6% (8/120) 中确定了致病性深层内部变异.
- 在BRCA1,PALB2和ATM中发现了由深层内基变异产生的新型内基伪外显子.
- 这些变异导致了异常的拼接和过早的转录截断,使它们与疾病的发病产生有关.
结论:
- 长时间读取的DNA和cDNA测序对于发现深层内部变异是有效的.
- 这种方法增强了致病变异的特征,改善了遗传性癌症的诊断产量.
- 深层内在变异是遗传疾病的一个被低估的原因,特别是在癌症倾向方面.
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