太空飞行期间宇航员内压力变化的耳声学估计
Arturo Moleti1, Triestino Minniti1, Yoshita Sharma2
1Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO
|September 13, 2024
概括
太空飞行会增加内压力,这对宇航员视力构成风险. 扭曲产品的耳声波排放显示出作为一种非侵入性方法来监测任务期间这些内压力变化的潜力.
科学领域:
- 航空航天医学 航空航天医学
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 在国际空间站长期暴露于微重力可能会提高内液压.
- 升高的内压力对宇航员的视力构成风险.
- 无创性监测内压力对于宇航员健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究微重力和内压力之间的相关性.
- 探索使用扭曲产品音声发射 (DPOAEs) 进行飞行中的内压力监测的可行性.
主要方法:
- 从五名宇航员的飞行前,飞行期间和飞行后收集了扭曲产品的音响发射相位测量.
- 通过评估中耳传输,测量作为内压的间接指标.
- 基线测量是在坐在地面上,直立的位置建立的.
主要成果:
- 飞行中的DPOAE测量表明,耳声相显著增加,这表明太空飞行期间内压力升高.
- 在两个宇航员的耳朵之间观察到相变时间课程的强烈一致.
- 探头放置的可重现性和稳定性被确定为关键因素.
结论:
- 扭曲产品的耳声波排放显示出作为一个非侵入性的工具,用于在太空任务期间监测宇航员的内压力.
- 需要进一步验证,包括各种姿势的飞行前测量和优化探头安装策略.
相关概念视频
01:14Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction
Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
01:29Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...