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一个随机交叉试验中酸盐和早餐对前额认知和血液动力学反应功能的随机交叉试验

Emerald G Heiland^1,2, Frida Lindh³, Callum Regan^3,4

¹Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm, Sweden. emerald.heiland@gih.se.

NPJ science of food

|September 13, 2024

概括

从甜菜汁中摄入酸盐,与正常早餐或没有早餐相比,并没有改善青少年的工作记忆. 然而,酸盐早餐在认知任务期间改变了大脑氧化模式,这表明不同的神经生理机制可能支持工作记忆.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
营养科学营养科学
青少年心理学青少年心理学

背景情况:

饮食中酸盐和早餐成分对青少年工作记忆 (WM) 和潜在的生理机制的影响尚不清楚.
以前的研究表明,酸盐在饮食中具有潜在的认知益处,但对青少年检查早餐干预的研究是有限的.

研究的目的:

调查饮食中酸盐,通过甜菜汁与早餐一起摄入,与普通早餐或没有早餐相比,提高青少年的工作记忆性能和前额叶皮层血动力学.
评估这些早餐干预措施对外周血管功能和自我报告的心理健康的影响.

主要方法:

这是一项三臂,随机,主体内交叉研究,涉及60名青少年 (13-15岁).
参与者完成了测量工作记忆和功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 的n-back测试,以评估前额叶皮层血液动力学反应 (氧化和脱氧血红蛋白).
干预包括早餐含有富含酸盐的甜菜汁,普通早餐和没有早餐.

主要成果:

在所有三个条件下,工作记忆的表现都有所改善,干预组之间没有显著差异.
在氧化血红蛋白变化中观察到显著的干预效应:它在酸盐早餐后增加,但在工作记忆任务中在正常早餐后减少.
没有发现对外周血管功能或自我报告的心理因素有重大影响.

结论:

虽然通过甜菜汁摄入酸盐并没有提高青少年的工作记忆性能,但它在认知任务中调节神经生理反应.
这些发现表明,不同的早餐成分可能会激活不同的神经生理机制来支持青少年的工作记忆.
需要进一步的研究,以阐明长期影响和最佳策略,以利用酸盐饮食促进认知增强在这个年龄组.

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