2006年至2022年,中国地区报告的人类狂犬病病例的流行病学特征
Jia-Jia Liu1,2, Na Zhang1, Shu-Jun Ding2
1NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
BMC infectious diseases
|September 13, 2024
概括
政府的举措在中国显著降低了狂犬病发病率. 继续专注于狗的管理和改善暴露后预防是防止未来爆发的关键.
科学领域:
- 兽医公共卫生 兽医公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
背景情况:
- 狂犬病在中国仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 狂犬病预防和控制项目的中央支付计划于2006年启动,以支持控制工作.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国实施的狂犬病预防和控制措施的有效性.
- 分析2006年至2022年人类狂犬病病例的趋势和特征.
主要方法:
- 利用来自国家传染病报告信息管理系统和国家监测站点 (2006-2022) 的数据.
- 采用统计和多变量分析来评估控制工作.
主要成果:
- 2025年报告人类狂犬病病例;发病率超过了国家平均水平,但遵循了国家趋势.
- 观察到暴露 (春季/夏季) 和发病 (夏季/秋季) 的双峰日期.
- 狗,主要是家养的物狗,感染率高 (86.93%);地理分布表明高,中,低风险地区. 平均潜伏期为71天.
结论:
- 政府的政策在减少狂犬病发病率方面发挥了重要作用.
- 建议包括加强狗管理系统,推进动物疫苗开发,加强暴露后预防,以制复发和传播.
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