一个多元组件的个性化预防计划在初级保健设置:一个随机临床试验的老年人与非传染性慢性疾病 (Primacare_P3研究)
Alberto Pilotto1,2, Marina Barbagelata3, Eleonora Lacorte4
1Geriatrics Unit, Department of Geriatric Care, Neurology and Rehabilitation, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Trials
|September 13, 2024
概括
这项研究探讨了针对患有慢性疾病的老年人个性化预防计划 (PPP). 该计划旨在通过综合老年医学评估 (CGA) 来减少住院治疗和改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 预防性医疗保健 预防性医疗保健
- 慢性疾病管理 慢性疾病管理
背景情况:
- 使用综合老年学评估 (CGA) 的多组件干预措施显示,在患有非传染性慢性疾病 (NCD) 的老年人中,积极衰老的潜力很大.
- 然而,关于此类干预措施有效性的现有证据仍然存在矛盾.
- 这项研究解决了对初级保健中基于CGA的方案的强有力的证据的需求.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于CGA的多组件个性化预防计划 (PPP) 的有效性.
- 首要目标是减少12个月内患有非传染性疾病的社区老年人非计划性住院率.
- 二级目标包括评估坚持,弹性,生活质量和脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 一项随机临床试验 (RCT) 涉及33个全科医院的1216名老年人.
- 参与者被随机分配到接受PPP的干预组 (IG) 或接受通常护理的对照组 (CG).
- 该PPP包括针对功能,身体,认知,营养状况,非传染性疾病监测,疫苗接种和社会隔离的干预措施,以多维预后指数 (MPI) 简体形式为指导.
主要成果:
- 基于CGA的PPP预计将减少计划外住院率.
- 预计可能会减少住院,急诊室访问,非计划的全科医生访问和死亡率.
- 探索干预组的坚持,性,生活质量和脆弱性.
结论:
- 该研究将确定基于CGA的多组件PPP是否有效地改善初级保健环境中的健康结果.
- 研究结果将为对患有非传染性疾病的老年人实施预防策略提供信息.
- 结果将有助于促进活跃和健康的衰老.
相关概念视频
02:59Cancer Prevention
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
01:30Preventive Healthcare Services
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
01:26Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
02:59Cancer Prevention
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
01:26Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
01:27Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...