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相关概念视频

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

3.1K
Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Homeostatic Imbalance01:10

Homeostatic Imbalance

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Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body, which is crucial for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. The body has various control mechanisms that work together to regulate various physiological parameters such as temperature, blood pressure, pH balance, and fluid balance, to name a few. These control mechanisms are based on feedback loops that can be either positive or negative.
However, sometimes these feedback loops fail,...
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pH Homeostasis01:31

pH Homeostasis

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Acid-base homeostasis is essential for maintaining normal physiological activities in humans. The pH of various body fluids is strictly regulated because it is critical for the optimal activity of enzymes involved in metabolic reactions. Enzymes are basically proteins, so, any significant change in pH can affect their structure and activity. In humans, pH is regulated using three primary mechanisms— chemical buffer systems, respiratory regulation, and renal regulation.
Respiratory...
12.5K
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

4.4K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model of Cartilage Remodeling in Bovine Knee Explants
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An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model of Cartilage Remodeling in Bovine Knee Explants

Published on: November 3, 2019

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在Physioxia下的软骨恒温.

Yuji Arai1, Ryota Cha2, Shuji Nakagawa1

  • 1Department of Sports and Para-Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.

International journal of molecular sciences
|September 14, 2024
PubMed
概括

关节软骨使用缺氧诱导因子 (HIF) 来应对低氧. 控制HIF-1α和HIF-2α可能为骨关节炎提供新的治疗方法.

关键词:
在HIF中,我们可以看到HIF.软骨 软骨 软骨是一种冠状腺细胞 (chondrocytes) 是一种体内细胞.缺氧 缺氧是指缺氧的情况.骨关节炎是一种关节炎.物理氧化物和物理氧化物

更多相关视频

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

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Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
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Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2025

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model of Cartilage Remodeling in Bovine Knee Explants
07:10

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model of Cartilage Remodeling in Bovine Knee Explants

Published on: November 3, 2019

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Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

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Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
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Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

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科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科

背景情况:

  • 关节软骨依靠突液获取营养和氧气,创造了一个独特的缺氧环境.
  • 低氧诱导因子 (HIF) 是这种生理氧状态的关键调节者,其水平根据氧气的可用性而变化.
  • HIF-α家族 (HIF-1α,HIF-2α,HIF-3α) 在关节软骨中具有不同的作用.

研究的目的:

  • 研究HIF-1α和HIF-2α在关节软骨恒温和骨关节炎中的不同作用.
  • 探索调节HIF表达新关节炎治疗策略的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 在不同氧气条件下分析HIF-α家族成员的表达 (normoxia与physioxia).
  • 在骨关节炎模型中检查HIF-1α和HIF-2α在状细胞功能和软骨退化中的作用.

主要成果:

  • HIF-1α在骨关节炎冠状细胞中被上调,对关节软骨表现出保护性,合成效应.
  • HIF-2α对关节软骨有着催化作用,与HIF-1α的功能形成鲜明对比.

结论:

  • 对HIF-1α和HIF-2α的差异调节对于关节软骨健康至关重要.
  • 针对HIF-1α和HIF-2α的表达,可能通过药理学或环境氧气调节,为骨关节炎治疗提供了一个有希望的途径.