在尿路感染中格兰阴性细菌的概况和患病率的变化:基于人口的分析
Carlotta Nedbal1,2, Nitin Mahobia3, Dave Browning3
1Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Journal of clinical medicine
|September 14, 2024
概括
尿路感染中的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 正在全球范围内上升. 尼特罗黄因和热胺仍然是有效的治疗方法,而安培/氨基和三甲显示出敏感性较差,特别是在老年人和男性患者中.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 全球抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的上升影响了医疗保健和患者的治疗结果.
- 过度使用和滥用抗生素有助于AMR,在不同人群中有效性各不相同.
- 由阴性细菌 (GNB) 引起的尿路感染很常见,需要有效的抗生素治疗.
研究的目的:
- 调查针对GNB的常见尿路感染抗生素的当前AMR概况.
- 分析不同年龄和性别亚群的抗菌药物耐药性模式.
- 为预防性和经验性尿路感染治疗的临床决策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 超过65万种尿液培养 (2014-2022) 的回顾性分析.
- 对抗微生物敏感性测试 (AST) 数据的基于人口的分析.
- 专注于各个人口分组的国内生产总值增长和阻力模式.
主要成果:
- 尼托福兰在所有年龄和性别群体中表现出极好的敏感性.
- 氨基/氨基和三甲呈现出高耐药率 (分别为55%和28%).
- 老年人 (60岁以上) 和男性患者对大多数抗生素有较高的AMR风险.
结论:
- 某些抗生素,如安培/氨基和三甲,对GNB尿路感染越来越无效.
- 尼托福兰和甘他仍然是经验性尿路感染治疗的可靠选择.
- 临床医生必须考虑患者的人口统计学 (年龄,性别) 和当地AMR数据,以获得最佳的尿路感染管理.
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