植物"智能"和滥用历史来源作为证据的证据
Sharon E Kingsland1, Lincoln Taiz2
1Department of History of Science and Technology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD, USA. sharon@jhu.edu.
Protoplasma
|September 14, 2024
概括
关于植物智能和意识的说法经常滥用历史科学著作. 这项分析揭示了历史来源的一致扭曲,表明这些错误陈述并不构成植物认知的科学证据.
科学领域:
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 科学的历史科学的历史.
- 科学哲学的哲学科学哲学
背景情况:
- 植物智能和植物神经生物学的支持者引用了达尔文和斯等历史人物.
- 这些支持者认为,过去的科学家支持植物认知概念,博斯的工作因种族主义而被压制.
- 对植物神经生物学的批评一直集中在科学基础上,对使用的历史证据的审查较少.
研究的目的:
- 提供第一个关于在植物智能研究中使用和滥用历史来源的深入分析.
- 批判性地评估植物神经生物学和植物意识的支持者提出的历史主张.
- 考察J.C.Bose的案例以及对他作品的当代反应的科学背景.
主要方法:
- 深入分析历史来源,包括著名科学家的著作.
- 检查引文的准确性,上下文和潜在的改变.
- 评价历史植物实验的科学解释,特别是J. C. Bose的实验.
主要成果:
- 确定了在使用历史来源方面存在的一致扭曲模式.
- 扭曲包括错误或改变的引文,选择性引用脱离上下文,以及误解.
- 正确的科学理由,而不是种族主义,解释了对J. C. Bose实验解释的历史质疑.
结论:
- 植物智能支持者使用历史来源往往是基于扭曲和误解.
- 毫不批判地引用历史人物的背景并没有提供植物智能或意识的科学证据.
- 历史背景和有效的科学批评对于评估关于植物认知的过去和现在的说法至关重要.
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