实现可解释的口腔癌识别:通过深度学习和基于案例的推理对不完美的图像进行选
Marco Parola1, Federico A Galatolo1, Gaetano La Mantia2
1Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy.
概括
这项研究引入了信息化深度学习 (IDL),用于早期检测口腔状细胞癌. IDL提高了诊断准确度,并提供了临床相关的解释,解决了当前可解释AI (XAI) 方法的局限性.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 瘤学 诊断 诊断 瘤学
背景情况:
- 口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 的诊断往往是延迟的,导致不良结果和高成本.
- 目前的AI诊断工具缺乏透明度,阻碍了临床采用.
- 现有的可解释AI (XAI) 方法优先考虑开发者的需求,而不是临床用户对洞察力的需求.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个具有成本效益,透明和准确的计算机系统,用于早期发现OSCC.
- 将医学知识纳入深度学习 (DL) 模型,以提高临床相关性.
- 通过为AI驱动的诊断提供临床上有意义的解释来增强XAI.
主要方法:
- 提出了一种新的方法,将基于案例的推理 (CBR) 结合在视觉解释和知情深度学习 (IDL) 中,以整合医学知识.
- 在DL工作流中使用集成架构来稳定处理不完美的数据,包括标记不准确性和文物.
- 在来自合作医疗中心的数据集上进行实验性基准测试.
主要成果:
- 采用IDL方法的准确率达到85%,明显优于标准DL方法 (77%准确率).
- 与传统的XAI相比,IDL展示了卓越的以人为中心的解释性,产生了与临床用户需求更一致的见解.
- 该系统有效地处理了数据的不完美,在现实世界的临床场景中展示了它的稳定性.
结论:
- IDL为准确和透明的口腔状细胞癌的早期检测提供了一个有前途的解决方案.
- 整合医学知识和使用CBR进行解释,提高了AI系统在临床实践中的实用性.
- 开发的系统解决了OSCC查的关键挑战,包括成本,准确性和临床可解释性.
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