饮食中必不可少的氨基酸缺乏对无胃鱼的料摄入的影响
Giovanni S Molinari1, Michal Wojno1, Karolina Kwasek2
1Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA.
概括
鱼类在缺乏必需氨基酸的食中增加料摄入量,神经酸Y (NPY) 可能会调节这种反应. 这项研究探讨了斑马鱼中不可或缺的氨基酸 (IDAA) 缺乏.
科学领域:
- 水产养殖营养水产养殖营养
- 鱼类生理学 鱼类生理学
- 斑马鱼 (Danio rerio) 的研究
背景情况:
- 与哺乳动物相比,鱼类对不平衡的氨基酸配置具有更高的耐受性.
- 了解鱼类对特定不可缺少氨基酸 (IDAA) 缺陷的行为和生理反应对于优化水产养殖饮食至关重要.
- 斑马鱼作为一种有价值的模型生物来研究鱼类的营养代谢和饮食反应.
研究的目的:
- 研究饮食中必不可少的氨基酸 (IDAA) 缺乏对无胃鱼的生长,养行为和激素调节的影响.
- 评估单个和组合的氨酸,氨酸和氨酸缺乏对斑马鱼的影响.
- 阐明食欲调节激素,如神经Y (NPY) 在鱼对不平衡饮食的反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 斑马鱼被养为半净化的饮食,含有不同水平的晶体氨基酸,包括特定的氨酸,氨酸和氨酸缺乏.
- 在30天的时间内,对生长性能,养效率和料摄入量进行了监测.
- 分析了调节食欲的激素 (例如,NPY) 和营养感应受体的基因表达.
- 测量了肌肉组织中饭后的自由氨基酸水平.
主要成果:
- 用晶体氨基酸取代50%的食蛋白质显著减少了斑马鱼的生长.
- 个人必不可少的氨基酸 (IDAA) 缺乏并没有显著改变料摄入量,但联合缺乏增加了料摄入量并降低了料效率.
- 缺乏素的饮食也导致养效率下降.
- 在食组合缺乏营养的鱼类中观察到氧化激素神经Y (NPY) 的显著上调.
结论:
- 没有胃的鱼,像斑马鱼一样,增加料摄入量,以应对缺乏必不可少的氨基酸 (IDAA) 的饮食.
- 神经Y (NPY) 调节似乎在调节联合IDAA缺乏症下观察到的增加料摄入量方面发挥了作用.
- 这些发现对制定水产养殖中的均衡饮食有影响,以优化鱼类生长和料利用.
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