在气候波动和人类活动的背景下,中国的土地利用模式转型中的人类-地球系统动态
Xinxin Huang1, Yansui Liu2, Rudi Stouffs3
1Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
The Science of the total environment
|September 14, 2024
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 人类-地球系统科学 人类-地球系统科学
- 环境变化 环境变化
- 土地使用动态
背景情况:
- 快速的环境变化需要了解人类-地球系统的动态.
- 气候变化和人类活动在全球范围内显著重塑了土地利用.
- 中国的土地利用转型是全球环境研究的关键案例研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查1996年至2022年中国土地利用模式,气候变化和人类活动之间的复杂关系.
- 分析城市化和气候带来的土地利用转型的区域差异.
- 为可持续的土地管理和气候适应战略提供见解.
主要方法:
- 使用地理探测器 (GeoDetector),随机森林 (RF) 模型,数据包围分析 (DEA),斯皮尔曼等级相关性和k-means集群.
- 分析了国家土地调查,气候记录和夜间光线观测.
- 检查的土地利用变化包括耕地,建筑和森林面积.
主要成果:
- 在全国范围内,耕地减少了1.67%,区域差异很大 (例如,江苏的-19.19%).
- 北部地区的建筑用地大幅增加 (225.91万公).
- 气温上升与耕地扩张 (东北/西北) 和城市土地增长 (江苏,+35.51%) 相相关,而降雨影响了森林覆盖面.
结论:
- 中国的土地利用在人类与地球系统中展现出动态和复杂的相互作用.
- 迫切需要可持续的土地管理和气候适应战略,以提高土地利用效率和弹性.
- 倡导人类-地球系统科学方法来应对未来的环境和社会挑战.
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