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从地球健康的角度来看,解决婴儿和幼儿养建议
Andrea Santos-Guzmán1, Juan A Rivera2, Mishel Unar-Munguía1
1Center for Health and Nutrition Research, National Instituto of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
纯母乳养比配方养更健康,更可持续. 目前的婴儿和幼儿饮食指南往往超过了肉类和乳制品的可持续目标,即使经过调整以满足能源需求.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 婴儿和幼儿 (IYC) 食建议主要关注健康和营养,忽视环境影响.
- 很少有国家提供针对具有重大环境足迹的食物的饮食指南.
- 可持续的饮食目标对全球健康和环境保护日益重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行叙述性审查,比较商业配方奶粉对环境的影响与母乳养.
- 评估国家特定的IYC养建议与已确定的可持续饮食目标的协调程度.
- 评估EAT-Lancet委员会饮食目标 (ELCT) 对IYC的适用性.
主要方法:
- 采用了混合方法审查方法.
- 包括与母乳养相比,商业配方奶粉对环境的影响的叙述性审查.
- 对比IYC肉类和乳制品摄入量建议从国家指南反对ELCT老年人群,考虑到能源需求.
主要成果:
- 配方养的碳足迹明显高 (大约比纯母乳养高48%).
- 大多数国家特定的IYC肉类和乳制品饮食指南都在老年儿童/成年人ELCT或以下,但在调整IYC能量需求时超过ELCT.
- 对于未经加工的肉类和乳制品的补充养建议通常低于当前的ELCT.
结论:
- 纯母乳养是婴儿和幼儿最可持续和最健康的养选择.
- 目前IYC对肉类和乳制品的饮食指南需要重新评估,以符合可持续发展目标.
- 未经调整的ELCT应作为IYC养建议的参考,直到制定特定年龄的指导方针.
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