使用机器学习技术和可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 预测空心混凝土镜的压力强度
Waleed Bin Inqiad1, Elena Valentina Dumitrascu2, Robert Alexandru Dobre3
1Military College of Engineering (MCE), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
Heliyon
|September 16, 2024
概括
机器学习模型准确地预测了空心混凝土造镜的压力强度 (CS). 极端梯度增强 (XGB) 实现了最高的精度,为破坏性测试提供了更快的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 土木工程 土木工程是指土木工程.
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 计算力学 计算力学 计算力学
背景情况:
- 准确的压力强度 (CS) 估计对于体结构设计至关重要.
- 传统的CS破坏性测试是耗时且资源密集的.
- 开发非破坏性CS预测模型是非常可取的.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测空心混凝土造镜的CS.
- 为了比较各种ML算法的性能,包括多表达式编程 (MEP),随机森林回归 (RFR) 和极端梯度增强 (XGB).
- 通过可解释AI (XAI) 分析来确定影响CS最重要的因素.
主要方法:
- 从已发表的文献中编制了159个实验结果的数据集.
- 输入参数包括体单位强度,高度厚度比,砂强度和材料性能比.
- 训练并验证了ML算法 (MEP,RFR,XGB,AdaBoost);使用RMSE,OF和R2进行准确性评估.
主要成果:
- 极端梯度提升 (XGB) 显示了最高的精度,R2为0.99,最低的目标函数 (OF) 值为0.0063.3.
- 多表达式编程 (MEP) 和遗传编程 (GEP) 为CS预测提供了经验方程.
- XAI的分析显示,体单位的强度是预测CS的最有影响力的参数.
结论:
- 基于ML的模型,特别是XGB,提供了一个非常准确和高效的方法来预测空洞混凝土造物质镜的CS.
- 这些模型可以显著减少昂贵和耗时的实验室测试的需要.
- 这些发现为工程师和研究人员在体设计和分析方面提供了实用工具.
相关概念视频
Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load
150
Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
150
Strength of Cement
127
Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
127
Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete
118
Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen...
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen...
118
Relation Between Tensile Strength and Compressive Strength of Concrete
184
Concrete is a fundamental building material, and understanding its strengths is crucial for construction projects. The relationship between its tensile and compressive strengths is intricate, showing that while these strengths are related, they do not increase at the same rate. Tensile strength's growth is slower and is affected by various factors such as the methods used for testing, the size and shape of the specimen, the texture of the aggregate used, and the moisture content of the...
184
Impact Strength of Concrete
180
Impact strength in concrete is a critical measure that reflects the material's capability to endure the forces applied during pile driving and when supporting machinery foundations that experience impulsive loads. It is also essential when handling precast concrete components to prevent accidental damage. The impact strength is assessed by observing the concrete's resistance to repeated impacts and energy absorption capacity. A key indicator of significant damage to concrete is when it...
180
Compacting Factor test
123
The compacting factor test is a method used to assess the workability of concrete. It is especially suitable for concrete mixes containing aggregates up to one and a half inches in size. This test involves specialized equipment consisting of two truncated cone-shaped hoppers and a cylinder, all with polished interior surfaces to minimize friction.
The procedure begins by placing concrete into the upper hopper without any compaction. Once filled, the bottom door of this hopper is opened,...
The procedure begins by placing concrete into the upper hopper without any compaction. Once filled, the bottom door of this hopper is opened,...
123


