在上下呼吸道的粘膜免疫力对MERS-CoV
Khalid J Shrwani1,2, Waleed H Mahallawi3, Abdulrhman I Mohana4
1Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in immunology
|September 16, 2024
概括
本综述详细介绍了上下呼吸道 (URT/LRT) 对中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 (MERS-CoV) 的免疫反应. 了解这些粘膜免疫机制对于开发有效的MERS-CoV疫苗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 (MERS-CoV) 是一种具有高死亡率的重要病原体.
- MERS-CoV感染可能导致严重的呼吸系统疾病和多器官衰竭,需要紧急的治疗干预.
- 了解呼吸道粘膜中的宿主免疫反应对于控制MERS-CoV至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在上下呼吸道 (URT/LRT) 中对MERS-CoV的保护性免疫机制进行批判性总结.
- 为预防和控制MERS-CoV疾病的策略提供信息.
- 引导开发针对MERS-CoV.的有效治疗疫苗.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane,Scopus,Google Scholar) 中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 关键词包括MERS-CoV,B细胞,T细胞,细胞因子,化学因子,细胞毒性T细胞和呼吸道.
- 在这次密集的审查中,包括了152项相关研究.
主要成果:
- 天生的免疫包括巨细胞,树突细胞和NK细胞产生干扰素和介质蛋白来限制病毒传播.
- 适应性免疫包括CD4+辅助T细胞,CD8+细胞毒性T细胞,B细胞和有助于保护的血细胞.
- 天生的和适应性免疫细胞都在URT和LRT中对抗MERS-CoV发挥着至关重要的作用.
结论:
- 鼻关联淋巴组织 (NALT) 和支气管关联淋巴组织 (BALT) 是粘膜免疫的关键部位.
- 由于组织稀缺,对MERS-CoV免疫病原发生和粘膜反应的人类数据有限.
- 对URT/LRT免疫机制的进一步研究对于MERS-CoV疫苗开发至关重要.
相关概念视频
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
1.2K
The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
1.2K
Surface Membrane Barriers
1.1K
The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
1.1K


