膜曲率生成和曲率传感的生物物理建模由糖核
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 16, 2024
概括
细胞表面层的葡萄糖可以产生和感知膜曲率. 它的特性,如聚合物密度和长度,影响曲率生成,这在哺乳动物细胞中得到证实.
科学领域:
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 聚合物物理 聚合物物理
背景情况:
- 膜曲率的产生对细胞功能至关重要.
- 众所周知,细胞表面层的葡萄糖 (glycocalyx) 能够影响膜曲率.
- 缺乏对葡萄糖的特性对膜曲的影响的定量理解.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个生物物理模型的糖果-膜相互作用.
- 为了确定葡萄糖的特性如何影响膜曲率的产生和传感.
- 量化地将甘氨酸的特征与膜曲能力联系起来.
主要方法:
- 利用聚合物刷理论创建了一个详细的生物物理模型.
- 研究了葡萄糖和细胞膜之间的能量相互作用.
- 使用哺乳动物细胞中的糖化蛋白质进行实验测试的模型预测.
主要成果:
- 模型预测膜曲率取决于甘油接种密度和聚合物长度.
- 葡萄糖的曲率生成是由内在膜特性增强的.
- 实验证实了glycocalyx产生和感知膜曲率的能力,特别是在filopodial突出.
结论:
- 葡萄糖可以积极产生和感知膜曲率.
- 聚合物密度和长度等葡萄糖的特性是膜曲的关键决定因素.
- 建立了一个定量框架,用于将甘氨酸的特性与膜曲率生成联系起来.
相关概念视频
Mechanisms of Membrane-bending
2.6K
The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by specific lipids and proteins. The membrane bending can be transient as seen in vesicles or stable for a long time as in microvilli. Cells regulate the size, location, and duration of the membrane curvature.
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...
2.6K
Glycocalyx and its Functions
3.7K
The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
3.7K
Types of Membrane Protrusions
2.8K
The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections...
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections...
2.8K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
2.5K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
2.5K
Fluid Mosaic Model
11.5K
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
11.5K
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
2.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.3K


