在医学教育工作者中探索元认知实践
Andrew S Cale1, Margaret A McNulty1
1Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Anatomical sciences education
|September 16, 2024
概括
解剖学教师在课程期间表现出改善的元认知 (教学自我意识). 教学助理受益最多,突出需要在粗体解剖教育中量身定制的专业发展.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 医学教育
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 超认知,即监测和评估自己的学习和思维的能力,对于有效的教学至关重要.
- 在基于剖析的粗体解剖学中,教师使用超级认知来实时调整桌边的教学.
- 了解教师的元认知是提高卫生专业教育中的教学策略的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了探索教师教授粗体解剖学到盟友的健康学生的元认知.
- 为了确定教师,助理教师 (AI) 和教学助理 (TA) 之间的元认知发展的差异.
- 根据metacognitive见解为解剖学教育工作者提供专业发展计划的信息.
主要方法:
- 采用混合方法的方法,涉及13名教师 (5个教师,3个AI,5个TA) 在博士级粗体解剖课程中.
- 参与者在课程开始和结束时完成了教师元认知清单 (TMI).
- 在实验室后收集反思期刊并进行主题分析,以提供对元认知经验的定性数据.
主要成果:
- 总体TMI分数从课程前到课程后显著增加 (108.8至114.3,p=0.046).
- 教学助理 (TA) 在TMI分数增幅最大 (+11.4),其次是教师 (+3.2),而AI则略有下降 (-0.7).
- 定性分析显示,TA专注于内容掌握,而教师优先考虑诸如包容性语言等人际因素.
结论:
- 在粗体解剖学中,教师的元认知可以通过教学经验来增强.
- 新手教练 (TA) 可能会从以内容为中心的支持中受益,而经验丰富的教练 (教师) 可能会从沟通和包容性方面的培训中获益.
- 这些发现表明需要差异化专业发展,以适应不同职业生涯阶段的解剖学讲师的元认知需求.
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