成年人通过因果语义学适应儿童的语言.
Guanghao You1,2, Moritz M Daum2,3,4, Sabine Stoll1,2
1Department of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich.
Cognitive science
|September 16, 2024
概括
孩子们通过从上下文中概括来学习因果语言. 成年人将他们的言语适应儿童,以儿童为导向的言语作为语言学习的潜意识教学工具.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 因果关系是人类认知和语言的基础.
- 学习因果意义,特别是通过词汇因果 (缺乏明确因果标记的动词),对儿童来说是复杂的.
- 假设儿童指导的语言在这个学习过程中起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童如何获得表达因果关系的动词.
- 检查成年人是否在与儿童互动时适应他们使用词汇因果关系.
- 了解儿童指导言语在因果意义的语义概括中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自曼彻斯特群体的12名儿童 (20-36个月) 和他们的照顾者的自然纵向数据的分析.
- 利用网络方法从跨情境的背景分析语义概括.
- 在儿童言语和儿童指导言语中追踪了因果语义的演变.
主要成果:
- 儿童和儿童指导的语言都显示出因果语义扩展的日益增长的趋势.
- 成年人通常表现出比儿童更复杂的因果语义网络.
- 在28-30个月左右,儿童的因果概括暂时减少,随后在成年人的语言中出现滞后的调整.
结论:
- 成年人潜意识地适应他们的语言,包括语义,在面向儿童的演讲.
- 儿童定向语音作为一种适应性教学工具,促进了语言的学习.
- 这项研究提供了儿童发育和照顾者在学习因果语言方面的投入之间的动态相互作用的证据.
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