翻译使用与怀孕年龄较小的婴儿之间的关联
Carrie A Sibbald1, Amy Godecker1, Erin J Bailey1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
|September 16, 2024
概括
在产科中使用口译服务与较少的妊娠年龄较小的婴儿出生病例有关. 这凸显了语言获取对于改善妊娠结果和孕产妇健康平等的重要性.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 围产期健康 围产期健康
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 有限的英语水平与较差的健康结果有关,无论健康素养如何.
- 众所周知,口译服务可以提高患者的满意度,并减轻语言障碍.
- 英语水平对产科和新生儿结局的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查低英语水平,通过使用口译员的代理,是否是妊娠年龄 (SGA) 婴儿小的独立风险因素.
- 测试这样的假设:与非英语主语相关的沟通挑战和歧视会增加高风险怀孕.
- 确定对口译服务的需求与SGA的发生率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 回顾性队列研究 (2016-2021年) 包括单独生育活产 ≥21周怀孕.
- 主要结局:对于妊娠年龄来说小的比例 (SGA),定义为使用2018年芬顿生长曲线的出生体重<第10个百分点.
- 用多变量逻辑回归分析来控制混变量.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括26,260名患者;6.3%的人使用翻译服务,主要是西班牙裔患者 (58.0%).
- 未经调整的分析显示,口译员用户 (6.4%) 和非用户 (6.6%) 之间的SGA比率没有显著差异.
- 调整后的分析显示,使用口译服务与SGA的几率降低有关 (aOR 0.67,95% CI 0.53-0.84).
结论:
- 在控制患者特征和健康的社会决定因素后,解释器的使用与妊娠年龄较小的婴儿的发病率较低有关.
- 识别人口风险因素并提供诸如口译服务之类的资源,可能会改善产科和新生儿的结果.
- 需要进一步的研究才能充分理解这种关联及其对母胎医学的影响.
相关概念视频
02:57Meiosis vs. Mitosis
Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
01:07Teratogenicity
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
01:22Development of Immunocompetence
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
01:22Language Development
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
01:30Development of Human Microbiota
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
01:28Development of the Oral Microbiota
The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...