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Matteo Bolner¹, Samuele Bovo¹, Mohamad Ballan¹

¹Animal and Food Genomics Group, Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy.

Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE

|September 16, 2024

概括

在猪基因组中绘制了线粒体起源 (NUMT) 的核序列,揭示了古代和最近的插入. 这些NUMT提供了对猪基因组进化和多样性的见解.

科学领域:

基因组学就是基因组学.
进化生物学进化生物学
分子进化分子进化

背景情况:

线粒体起源的核序列 (NUMT) 源于线粒体DNA在核基因组中的罕见整合.
了解NUMT动态对于破译哺乳动物基因组演变至关重要.
本研究的重点是Suinae亚家族中的NUMT,特别是家猪 (Sus scrofa).

研究的目的:

为了识别和分析猪 (Sus scrofa) 基因组和相关的猪类物种中的NUMTs.
在不同猪品种和物种中构建NUMT的比较分布图.
推断NUMT插入的进化年龄和动态.

主要方法:

使用485个个体的全基因组测序数据进行比较基因组学.
在组装的基因组中构建一个NUMT分布图.
根据正统学,进化分歧和序列退化推断插入年龄.
通过PCR放大选择的NUMT的验证.

主要成果:

创建了418个NUMT地区的地图,确定了70个新兴地区.
发现了不同年龄的NUMT,从古代 (>55万年) 到最近 (<1万年).
在欧洲和亚洲的猪品种中发现了多态NUMT,可能是由于物种间混合而产生的.

结论:

这是Sus scrofa基因组中NUMT的首次全面分析.
重建的NUMT整合年龄为塑造猪基因组的微进化事件提供了一个窗口.
NUMT有助于养猪的遗传多样性.

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