在育儿调查问卷中的强度和压力因素的解释性和临床有用性
Sara Burge1,2, Anna Eva Hallin1, Carmela Miniscalco3,4
1Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scandinavian journal of psychology
|September 17, 2024
概括
这项研究改善了发育障碍儿童的父母在育儿中的强度和压力因素 (SSF) 调查问卷. 新的切断值和百分值增强了其临床用途,用于评估家长的压力和心理健康风险.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 育儿中的优势和压力因素 (SSF) 调查问卷评估了父母的优势,压力和精神疾病健康风险.
- 现有的SSF解释缺乏标准化的截止值和百分位数值,限制了临床效用.
- 之前的研究指出,在特定的SSF项目中,存在非随机的缺失数据,这表明它们的有效性可能存在问题.
研究的目的:
- 为了提高SSF问卷的解释性和临床实用性.
- 为了获得SSF子尺度 (强度,压力,精神疾病健康风险) 的经验切断值.
- 为标准化SSF分数解释生成百分位数值.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自576名有发展障碍或没有发展障碍儿童的父母的SSF和人口统计数据.
- 使用来自家长子集 (n=129) 的自由文本响应来建立实证 SSF 切断值.
- 与剩余父母的SSF分数 (n=447) 进行验证的切断值,并使用典型发育儿童的父母的数据生成百分位值 (n=373).
- 由于非随机缺失的数据,检查并排除了有问题的SSF项目 (23,33-38).
主要成果:
- 经验切线显示了群体之间的良好的区别,特异性为77-89%,敏感性为68-76%.
- 为SSF得分创建了一个转换图表,将其转换为百分比值.
- 排除SSF项目23和33-38提高了评估可靠性,因为它考虑了父母经验的真实差异.
结论:
- 该研究通过经验切线和百分位值成功提高了SSF的解释性和临床实用性.
- 拟议的修改,包括项目排除,提高了评估家长经验的可靠性.
- 修订后的SSF为临床医生提供了更强大的工具,用于评估发展障碍背景下的父母福祉和风险.
相关概念视频
Self-Report Tests of Personality
325
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
325
Psychological Responses to Stress
47
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
47
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
89
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
89
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques I
43
Stress prevention and management are crucial for maintaining well-being and building resilience. Techniques to manage stress include cultivating qualities like conscientiousness, a sense of personal control, and self-efficacy. Each of these traits significantly reduces stress and promotes healthier lifestyle choices and outcomes.
Conscientiousness
Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...
Conscientiousness
Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...
43
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
193
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
193
Parenting Styles
63
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
63


