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可避免死亡率对欧盟预期寿命差异和寿命差异的贡献:基于人口的研究
Rok Hrzic1, Tobias Vogt2,3
1Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
The Lancet regional health. Europe
|September 17, 2024
概括
在欧盟 (EU) 新成员国 (NMS) 减少可避免的死亡,可以显著缩小与已建立成员国 (EMS) 的预期寿命差距. 投资于卫生系统和预防循环和伤害死亡是关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 在2004年扩大后的20年里,欧盟 (欧盟) 已有的成员国 (EMS) 和新成员国 (NMS) 之间仍然存在显著的预期寿命差异.
- 这种差距的很大一部分是由于可预防的死亡,可以通过加强预防服务和适当的医疗护理来缓解.
研究的目的:
- 估计减少可避免死亡率对扩大后的欧盟中预期寿命和寿命差异的影响.
- 通过减少可避免的死亡来分析缩小NMS和EMS之间的死亡率差距的潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用世界卫生组织的死亡率数据库数据进行分析.
- 根据欧盟统计局和经济合作与发展组织的标准,定义了可避免的死亡率.
- 采用线性积分分解来分析预期寿命的变化和根据年龄和原因的寿命差异.
主要成果:
- 从2005年到2019年避免所有可避免的死亡,可以减少男性的平均预期寿命差距从5.8年减少到2.4年,女性的平均预期寿命差距从3.3年减少到2年,消除寿命差异.
- 如果NMS与EMS可避免的死亡率相匹配,预期寿命差距将缩小至1.8年 (男性) 和1.6年 (女性),扭转寿命差异.
- 中年和老年人因循环系统疾病和伤害而导致的可避免死亡是观察到的死亡率变化的主要驱动因素.
结论:
- 减少可避免的死亡率为减少欧盟内的预期寿命和寿命差异提供了重大机会.
- 加强卫生系统和有针对性的投资,防止NMS中循环和受伤相关的死亡,对于缓解这些差异至关重要.
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