相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

不平等厌恶预测支持公共和私人再分配

Thomas F Epper^1,2, Ernst Fehr^2,3, Claus Thustrup Kreiner²

¹CNRS, Institut d'Économie Scientifique Et de Gestion (IESEG) School of Management, University of Lille, Department of Economics & Management, F-59000 Lille, France.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|September 17, 2024

概括

人们对不平等的厌恶,无论是有利的还是不利的,都会影响他们对再分配的支持. 不喜欢不利的不平等驱动公共再分配支持,而有利的不平等厌恶推动私人捐款.

科学领域:

行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
社会政策社会政策社会政策
实验经济学的实验经济学

背景情况:

越来越多的社会不平等使人们重新关注重新分配政策.
理论框架表明,不平等厌恶影响支持重新分配.
有限的经验证据证实了在社会再分配中有利与不利的不平等厌恶的不同作用.

研究的目的:

调查有利和不利的不平等厌恶对公共和私人再分配的影响.
实证测试关于这些不同形式的不平等厌恶及其对再分配偏好的影响的理论预测.

主要方法:

在一个大样本中利用激励实验来测量不平等厌恶 (约. 9,000) 的丹麦成年人 (20-64岁).
将关于不平等厌恶的实验数据与关于公共再分配支持的调查数据以及私人捐赠 (慈善) 的行政记录联系起来.
采用了一套全面的控制,使用行政数据进行可靠的经验分析.

主要成果:

经验结果强烈支持理论预测.
对公共再分配的支持随着有利和不利的不平等厌恶而显著增加.
私人再分配 (慈善捐款) 随着有利的不平等反感而增加,但随着不利的不平等反感而减少.

结论:

不平等厌恶的不同形式对公共与私人再分配有不同的影响.
不喜欢不利的不平等是支持旨在减少收入差异的公共再分配政策的关键驱动力.
调查结果突出了个人支持各种再分配机制的细微心理基础.

关键词:

利他主义利他主义慈善捐赠是一种慈善捐赠.不平等的厌恶不平等的厌恶重新分配,重新分配.他们的社会偏好.

更多相关视频

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

相关概念视频

Egoism and Altruism

Egoism and Altruism

Voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people is called prosocial behavior. Why do people help other people? Is personal benefit such as feeling good about oneself the only reason people help one another?

In- and Out-Groups

In- and Out-Groups

People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.

Cognitive Dissonance

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

Inclusive Fitness

Inclusive Fitness

Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.

Self-Discrepancy Theory

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.

Fundamental Attribution Error

Fundamental Attribution Error

According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...