在II型糖尿病患者的饮食模式和血糖控制之间存在关联
Ye Qiang1, Xingchen Lu1, Yuchao Zhang1
1Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Quingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, PR China.
Atencion primaria
|September 17, 2024
概括
饮食模式对II型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的血糖控制有影响. 在接受治疗的患者中,高糖和红肉摄入量加剧了高血糖,而在未接受治疗的患者中,蔬菜和全谷物改善了高血糖.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响新陈代谢健康,特别是在管理II型糖尿病 (T2DM).
- 了解与血糖控制相关的特定饮食成分对于有效的T2DM管理至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明饮食和糖尿病结果之间存在联系,但具体的模式需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 在一大群T2DM患者中,研究不同饮食模式与血糖控制之间的关联.
- 确定可能加剧或改善T2DM患者高血糖症的特定饮食习惯.
主要方法:
- 一项采用2015-2018年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的数据进行的横截面研究.
- 斯帕斯主要成分分析 (SPCA) 在1646名T2DM患者中确定了五种主要的饮食模式.
- 后勤回归分析评估了饮食模式和高血糖风险之间的关系,计算了几率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 糖果,红肉和加工肉 (PC1) 含量高的饮食模式与接受糖尿病药物治疗的患者患高血糖症的几率增加有关 (OR: 1.71).
- 一种以高红肉摄入量和低咖啡/糖果/乳制品消费 (PC5) 为特征的模式,显示出与降低高血糖的边际关联 (OR:0.63).
- 富含蔬菜和全谷物,低含土豆和加工肉类 (PC2) 的模式与没有药物治疗的患者的高血糖率较低有关 (OR:0.45).
结论:
- 糖果,红肉和加工肉的高消费可能会对药物治疗T2DM患者的血糖控制产生负面影响.
- 饮食模式强调红肉与有限的咖啡,糖果和高脂肪乳制品的饮食模式可能有利于血糖控制.
- 增加蔬菜和全谷物摄入量,加上减少土豆和加工肉类的消费,似乎有利于在不服用药物的T2DM患者的血糖控制.
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