适应性热生成的β-上腺体信号和表观基因组调节过程
Yoshihiro Matsumura1,2, Timothy F Osborne3, Ryo Ito1
1Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|September 17, 2024
概括
寒冷压力激活β-上腺素 (β-AR) 信号,通过脂肪组织的表观基因组变化影响适应性热生成. 在急性和慢性对寒冷的反应中,JMJD1A起着双重作用,突出显示了长期适应的持续信号.
科学领域:
- 细胞和分子生物学 细胞和分子生物学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 传统上被视为短暂的β-上腺素 (β-AR) 信号传递,调解了像战斗或逃跑这样的急性压力反应.
- 新出现的证据表明β-AR信号还驱动长期细胞适应,包括通过表观基因组修饰进行细胞分化.
- 脂肪组织中的适应性热生成对于应对环境变化,如寒冷压力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索β-AR信号在脂肪组织中冷压诱导的表观基因组修饰中的作用.
- 为了研究基因组脱甲基酶JMJD1A在热生成中的双重功能.
- 阐明β-AR信号传递对急性和慢性适应性反应都有助的机制.
主要方法:
- 在寒冷压力和β-AR激活后,脂肪组织的表观基因组变化的分析.
- 研究JMJD1A在调解热能反应中的作用.
- 对比JMJD1A在不同的热生成组织中的分子机制.
主要成果:
- 寒冷压力和β-AR信号诱导脂肪组织显著的表观基因组变化,影响适应性热生成.
- 基因组脱甲基酶JMJD1A表现出双重作用,调解急性和慢性热能反应对寒冷压力的反应.
- JMJD1A在不同的发热组织中采用的独特的分子机制突显了它的多功能功能.
结论:
- β-AR信号提供了超越急性反应的持续信号,促进了对环境刺激的长期适应.
- JMJD1A是β-AR信号驱动的适应性热生成的关键媒介,通过不同的组织中不同的途径起作用.
- 了解这些表观基因组适应对于理解新陈代谢调节和应对环境挑战至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype
1.6K
β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
1.6K
Thermoregulation
919
The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
919
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways
6.2K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
6.2K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.3K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.3K
Adrenergic Receptors (Adrenoceptors): Classification
2.4K
Adrenergic receptors, or adrenoceptors, respond to the autonomic neurotransmitter noradrenaline and other endogenous catecholamine agonists. They are classified into two main families, α and β, based on their pharmacological response and are further subdivided depending on their location, elicited response, and affinity to specific agonists or antagonists.
α-Adrenoceptors
α-Adrenoceptors are classified into two main subtypes: α1 and α2. The α1 adrenoceptors,...
α-Adrenoceptors
α-Adrenoceptors are classified into two main subtypes: α1 and α2. The α1 adrenoceptors,...
2.4K
Epigenetic Regulation
3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.0K


