基因预测的饮食摄入量和结直肠癌的风险:孟德尔的随机化研究
Tung Hoang1,2,3, Sooyoung Cho4, Ji-Yeob Choi5,6,7
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
BMC cancer
|September 17, 2024
概括
门德尔随机化 (MR) 分析显示,更高的遗传预测水果摄入量与降低结直肠癌 (CRC) 风险有关. 这支持因果关系,并表明水果消费是预防CRC的关键.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
- 预防癌症 预防癌症
背景情况:
- 关于饮食和结直肠癌 (CRC) 的观察性研究容易产生混.
- 门德尔随机化 (MR) 提供了一种最小化混效应的方法.
- 这项研究使用了一种单样MR方法来检查饮食和CRC的关联.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食摄入量与结直肠癌 (CRC) 之间的遗传预测和观察相关性.
- 利用孟德尔随机化 (MR) 来推断饮食和CRC风险之间的潜在因果关系.
- 确定可能在CRC的初级预防中起作用的饮食因素.
主要方法:
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 在英国生物银行参与者中确定了399种与饮食摄入相关的遗传变异.
- 计算了与饮食有关的变体的遗传风险得分 (GRS).
- 两阶段最小方形MR框架和考克斯比例危险模型被用于估计关联.
主要成果:
- 对MR的分析表明,基因预测的水果摄入量显著降低了21%的CRC风险 (HR=0.79,95%CI=0.66-0.95).
- 在基因预测的蔬菜摄入量和CRC (HR=0.85,95%CI=0.71-1.02) 之间观察到略有反向的关联.
- 观察性分析显示,水果和蔬菜摄入量和CRC风险均为零发现.
结论:
- 饮食习惯受遗传变异的影响,可用于MR研究中的仪器变量.
- 支持较高的水果摄入量和降低CRC风险之间的因果关系.
- 建议水果消费作为CRC初级预防的有效策略.
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