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当唯一的解决方案是死亡:巴西男性和女性工人的自杀
Tarciso de Figueiredo Palma1, Jules Ramon Brito Teixeira1, Marcia Cristina das Dores Bandini2
1Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus Universitário, Módulo VI, Prédio de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Núcleo de Epidemiologia. 44036-900 Feira de Santana BA Brasil. tfpalma@gmail.com.
Ciencia & saude coletiva
|September 18, 2024
概括
巴西的自杀率在2010-2019年间大幅增加,特别是在男性中. 原住民和农业工人面临着更高的自杀风险,需要紧急的公共卫生关注.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 自杀在全球和巴西是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 了解时间趋势和社会职业因素对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2010-2019年巴西14-65岁年龄组自杀的时间趋势.
- 调查自杀事件的社会职业概况,重点关注工作与自杀之间的联系.
- 确定特定的弱势群体和职业群体.
主要方法:
- 生态研究设计使用来自死亡信息系统 (MIS) 的数据.
- 分析百分比分布,比例百分比变化 (PPV) 和死亡率 (MRs).
- 利用来自巴西地理和统计研究所 (IBGE) 的人口数据,年度社会信息关系 (RAIS) 和职业调查.
主要成果:
- 从2010年到2019年,自杀率的持续上升趋势被观察到 (全球PPV=60.1%),男性 (PPV=62.8%) 的增加高于女性 (PPV=51.4%).
- 总体死亡率为每10万劳动年龄人群中8.1例自杀.
- 2019年,自称土著人民 (19.5/100,000) 和农业工人 (21.7/100,000) 的死亡率较高. 吊死是主要的方法 (71.4%).
结论:
- 巴西的自杀率正在上升,性别差异显著,男性的风险更高.
- 自称土著人口和农业工人表现出明显更高的自杀风险,表明针对性干预的关键领域.
- 受影响的职业范围不断扩大,强调需要加强工作场所监控和自杀预防计划.
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