印度不良妊娠结果中的社会经济不平等:2004-2019年
Caroline M Joyce1, Deepti Sharma2, Arnab Mukherji2
1Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
PLOS global public health
|September 18, 2024
概括
尽管公共卫生得到了改善,但印度仍然存在死产和堕胎的社会经济不平等. 更富有,更受过教育的妇女经历的死胎较少,但堕胎较多,突出显示了母亲健康结果的持续差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 印度面临着显著的孕产妇和新生儿死亡率,死产,堕胎和流产导致不良妊娠结果.
- 现有的研究表明,印度怀孕结果的社会经济差异.
- 了解这些不平等的趋势对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计印度15年 (2004-2019) 期间死产,堕胎和流产社会经济不平等的变化.
- 分析诸如家庭财富,母亲教育和社会群体 ( ଅନୁସୂଚିତ种姓/部落) 等指标与这些怀孕结果的关系.
- 评估这些不平等的持续情况,尽管政府的举措.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自三个全国代表的印度健康调查的数据.
- 雇佣的统计措施包括不平等的斜率指数,风险差异,不平等的相对指数和风险比率.
- 检查的社会经济指标:家庭财富,母亲的教育水平,以及按计划种/部落的地位.
主要成果:
- 在2004年至2019年期间,在堕胎和死产率方面观察到持续的社会经济不平等.
- 与财富较低的女性相比,财富较高的女性每1000次怀孕中死产的数量减少了2-5次.
- 较高的母亲教育和财富与更高的堕胎率有关 (分别为每1000例妊娠中5例和20例).
- 预定种姓/部落妇女最初的堕胎数量较少,但随着时间的推移,这种不平等性下降了.
- 关于流产社会经济不平等的证据不太一致,所有群体的流产率都在增加.
结论:
- 尽管有公共卫生方面的努力,但印度仍然存在严重的生死胎和堕胎率的社会经济差异.
- 财富和教育是这些持续存在的不平等的关键指标,这些不平等的不良妊娠结果.
- 需要进一步的有针对性的干预措施来解决印度孕产妇和婴儿发病率和死亡率的社会经济决定因素.
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