口服SARS-CoV-2宿主反应预测了COVID-19疾病的早期发展过程
William T Seaman1,2, Olive Keener2,3, Dinelka Nanayakkara4
1National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Scientific reports
|September 18, 2024
概括
口服液检测到SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 和宿主反应. 口服IgM与症状相关,表明其在早期感染和潜在传播中的作用.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 临床诊断 临床诊断 临床诊断
背景情况:
- 口服液提供了一种非侵入性方法来检测SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 和相关的宿主免疫反应.
- 了解口腔病毒存在,抗体水平和临床症状之间的相互作用对于管理COVID-19至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估口服SARS-CoV-2病毒载量,口服和全身抗SARS-CoV-2抗体 (IgM和IgG) 和报告的症状之间的关系.
- 为了研究随着时间的推移,口服液中病毒标记物和免疫反应的持久性.
- 探索SARS-CoV-2 N-抗原测定与宿主唾液蛋白的潜在交叉反应.
主要方法:
- 收集了45名SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR阳性参与者的口服液 (唾液/喉清洗) 和血清.
- 使用RT-qPCR,N-抗原检测 (免疫块,侧流检测) 和亚基因组RNA (sgRNA) 的序列确认.
- 使用侧向流量试验 (LFA) 和ELISA评估抗SARS-CoV-2IgM和IgG反应;对唾液蛋白进行结构分析.
主要成果:
- 在基线86%的喉洗中检测到N-抗原,在4周内持续60-83%.
- 有症状的参与者在口服液中显示了与复制相关的sgRNA和高IgG/IgM水平.
- 口服和血清IgG与鼻PCR结果有很强的相关性;唾液IgM与咳,疲劳和其他症状负相关.
结论:
- 口服病毒复制和持久性与SARS-CoV-2感染中的特定症状和早期口服IgM反应有关.
- 需要考虑N抗原测定与类似宿主蛋白质的潜在交叉反应性.
- 口服液分析为SARS-CoV-2感染动态,宿主反应和症状相关性提供了宝贵的见解.
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