在护理研究中解码机器学习:对有效算法的范围审查
Jeeyae Choi1, Hanjoo Lee2, Yeounsoo Kim-Godwin1
1School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA.
概括
机器学习 (ML) 越来越多地用于护理研究,随机森林是最常见的算法. 建议进行进一步的研究,以优化在各种护理领域的ML模型使用.
科学领域:
- 护理 护理 护理
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 正在迅速改变医疗保健,影响护理角色,并迫使研究人工智能集成系统.
- 本范围审查专门审查了在护理领域的机器学习 (ML) 应用.
研究的目的:
- 研究用于护理研究的机器学习 (ML) 算法.
- 确定共同的模型评估方法和重点领域.
- 确定护理中最有效的ML算法.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行了范围审查.
- 对七个主要数据库进行了系统搜索.
- 通过医学教育研究研究质量工具 (MERSQI) 评估研究质量.
主要成果:
- 审查了26篇文章 (2019-2023年),其中46%来自美国;平均MERSQI评分表明中等到高质量的研究.
- 随机森林是最常用的ML算法,其次是后勤回归,LASSO,决策树和SVM.
- 常见的评估指标包括灵敏度,特异性,准确性,ROC,AUROC和精度. 一半的研究集中在护理人员/学生和医院再接收/ED访问.
结论:
- 机器学习 (ML) 对护士,护士从业人员和管理人员具有显著的临床相关性,证实了它在医疗保健中的好处.
- 该审查强调了ML在护理研究中的日益重要以及它对患者护理和资源管理的影响.
- 建议包括使用实验设计来优化在护理领域的ML模型应用.
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