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在吸烟者和从未吸烟者中自我报告的COPD的患病率,死亡率和危险因素,NHANES 1999-2018年
Xiaohua Li1, Minwei Xue2, Donggang Xu3
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Tobacco induced diseases
|September 19, 2024
概括
慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 在美国的吸烟者和前吸烟者中仍然普遍存在并致命. 虽然永不吸烟者中COPD的发病率下降,但他们的疾病负担仍然存在,常见的风险因素包括女性性别,年龄较大和收入较低.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 香烟烟雾是慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的主要危险因素.
- 然而,大量的COPD病例发生在从未吸烟过的人身上.
- 美国最近有限的数据比较了吸烟者和从未吸烟者之间的COPD患病率.
研究的目的:
- 检查1999-2018年美国成年人中自报告的COPD的患病率和死亡率.
- 确定目前的吸烟者,前吸烟者和从未吸烟者中COPD患病率和死亡率的风险因素和差异.
- 分析二十年来COPD患病率和相关风险因素的趋势.
主要方法:
- 国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 数据 (1999-2018) 的横截面分析.
- 使用样本重量和美国人口普查估计的年龄标准化流行率计算.
- 权重后勤回归用于风险因素分析和所有原因死亡率的生存分析.
主要成果:
- 慢性肺炎的患病率为12.6% (目前吸烟者),9.6% (前吸烟者) 和4.1% (从未吸烟者).
- 所有原因的死亡率为21.1% (目前吸烟者),29% (前吸烟者) 和12% (从未吸烟者).
- 独立的风险因素包括女性性别,年龄较大,收入较低和体重偏差.
结论:
- 当前和前吸烟者中,COPD的患病率和死亡率仍然很高.
- 尽管患病率正在下降,但COPD对从不吸烟的人来说是一个很大的负担.
- 共同的风险因素凸显了除了戒烟之外,需要全面的公共卫生战略.
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