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适应性热应力补偿能力分类的发展适用于美国
Gisel Guzman-Echavarria1, Ariane Middel2,3, Daniel J Vecellio4
1School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875302, Tempe, AZ, 85287-5302, USA. gguzma20@asu.edu.
International journal of biometeorology
|September 19, 2024
概括
一个新的热应力补偿性分类 (HSCC) 确定了极端热的风险. 大多数高温时段都会造成无法弥补的热压力 (UHS),需要针对公共卫生的有针对性的冷却策略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 气候科学是气候科学.
- 人类生理学 人类生理学
背景情况:
- 现有的气候和天气系统不足以应对热病和极端热管理.
- 有效的热应激评估需要考虑超出简单温度指标的生物物理因素.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的分类系统,即热应力补偿性分类 (HSCC),用于评估无法补偿的热应力 (UHS).
- 提供可操作的洞察力,用于在极端高温事件期间预防热病和制冷策略.
主要方法:
- 结合开源历史天气数据 (2005-2020年) 与标准人类的生物物理建模.
- 分析了96个美国城市在热点时段最热的前10个百分比的天气状况.
- 根据相对于代谢热量产生的干燥和蒸发热交换限制,建立了四个类别的UHS.
主要成果:
- 分析的高温时段中有88.7%符合UHS标准,这表明存在显著的热应激风险.
- 41%的小时显示高干热增益 (70-150 Wm−2) 与有限的蒸发冷却能力 (90-140 Wm−2).
- 蒸发式冷却限制在美国东部普遍存在,而高干燥热量增长则普遍存在,特别是在南部和西南部. 充分的阴影使UHS降低到7.6%.
结论:
- HSCC有效地对UHS进行了分类,突出了美国东部蒸发约束和南部/西南部干燥热量增长的主导地位.
- 该分类系统显示,阴影显著减轻了UHS,强调需要照射到阴影和考虑辐射负载.
- 动态的HSCC提供了针对UHS原因的有针对性的信息,使得集中冷却工作和可适应的减热应激策略具有全球适用性.
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