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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

336
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
336
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

770
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
770
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

314
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
314
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

145
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
145
Group Design02:01

Group Design

8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
Language Development01:22

Language Development

327
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
327

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

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单词具体性在阅读理解过程中调节双语语言控制.

Junjie Wu1, Hongyu Zhao1, Xinye Wu1

  • 1Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
|September 19, 2024
PubMed
概括

在阅读过程中双语语言控制受到单词具体性的影响. 具体的单词会增加语言切换成本,而抽象的单词不会,这表明单词属性会影响双语处理.

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Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2025

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Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
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科学领域:

  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 双语研究 双语研究

背景情况:

  • 关于理解过程中的双语语言控制存在争论.
  • 单词具体性对语言控制的影响尚未得到充分探索.

研究的目的:

  • 研究单词具体性对双语语言控制的调制效应.
  • 检查单词的抽象性与具体性如何影响双语者的语言切换成本.

主要方法:

  • 一个涉及中英双语 (n=60) 的实验.
  • 参与者执行了文字阅读任务,并进行了语言切换.
  • 抽象和具体的单词被用来操纵非目标语言的激活.

主要成果:

  • 抽象的单词没有产生显著的切换成本.
  • 具体的词汇导致了更高的切换成本.
  • 这表明对具体单词的语言控制需求更大.

结论:

  • 单词的具体性调节了在阅读期间的双语语言控制.
  • 语言控制要求随着单词的具体性而增加.
  • 结果提供了关于词性质和双语处理相互作用的见解.