不是所有的惩罚都是平等的:惩罚严重程度对儿童社会评价的影响
Young-Eun Lee1, Larisa Heiphetz Solomon1
1Department of Psychology, Columbia University.
Developmental psychology
|September 19, 2024
概括
孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 道德心理学道德心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 惩罚对于社会合作至关重要.
- 儿童对第三方惩罚的看法是复杂的.
- 了解孩子们如何判断惩罚的严厉程度是关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查惩罚的严重程度如何影响儿童的社会判断.
- 探索儿童对惩罚者的评价,以惩罚水平为基础.
- 检查儿童对惩罚的道德评价中的年龄相关差异.
主要方法:
- 两项研究涉及5至10岁儿童.
- 孩子们听到过犯和惩罚 (严重程度各不相同) 的场景.
- 参与者评估了惩罚者的行为和性格.
主要成果:
- 对于轻微的违法行为,没有任何惩罚被视为最积极的.
- 在不同年龄段,最严厉的惩罚被评价为最负面的.
- 对于严重的违法行为,年轻的孩子比年长的孩子更喜欢平等的惩罚.
- 年长的孩子越来越多地认为平等建立惩罚是负面的.
结论:
- 惩罚的严重程度显著影响孩子对第三方惩罚的判断.
- 儿童对惩罚严重性的概念化随着年龄的增长而演变.
- 这些发现有助于理解儿童的道德发展和社会判断.
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