对儿童自我调节措施的系统审查:探索特征和心理特征
Yu-Wei Ryan Chen1, Nicolas Janicaud2, David Littlefair3
1Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
PloS one
|September 19, 2024
概括
衡量孩子的自我调节是复杂的. 这次审查发现,针对1-18岁的现有工具的心理测量评估有限,特别是在年幼的儿童中,缺乏测量错误评估.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发展科学 发展科学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 自律对儿童福祉至关重要,涉及认知,行为和情绪方面.
- 由于各种定义和概念复杂性,对自我调节的一致测量具有挑战性.
- 准确的评估对于了解儿童和青少年的长期心理健康轨迹至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估儿童和青少年 (1-18岁) 自律措施的心理测量特性.
- 通过使用COSMIN分类学来评估跨认知,行为和情感领域的测量工具.
- 识别当前测量实践中的差距,并为未来的研究方向提供信息.
主要方法:
- 遵循PRISMA指南的系统审查,注册在PROSPERO.
- 搜索了六个数据库和灰色文献,研究了自我调节措施的心理特征.
- 对COSMIN分类学进行了认知,行为和情绪领域的23项评估.
主要成果:
- 48项研究报告了23项自我调节措施,其中大多数依赖于11-17岁的自我报告.
- 情绪调节检查清单是最常被研究的措施.
- 所有审查的措施都表现出有限的心理测量评估,特别是在测量错误和内容有效性方面.
结论:
- 现有的儿童和青少年自我调节措施在心理测量特性方面存在重大限制.
- 非常需要适合年幼儿童的措施,以及对测量误差和内容有效性的强有力的评估.
- 未来的发展应该优先考虑全面和有效的评估工具,以支持有效的儿童福祉干预措施.
相关概念视频
01:22Self-Report Tests of Personality
325
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
325
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
01:26Metacognition
142
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
142
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.3K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.3K
01:30Information Processing Approach
31
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
31
01:27Parenting Styles
63
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
63