"在印度的儿科重症监护室中使用抗菌药物:加强抗菌药物管理实践的一步"
Madhusudan Prasad Singh1, Nitin Rewaram Gaikwad1, Yogendra Narayanrao Keche1
1Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
PloS one
|September 19, 2024
概括
这项在印度的研究发现,在儿科重症监护病房中,抗菌素的使用量很高.
科学领域:
- 儿科重症监护室 (PICU) 抗菌药物管理
- 临床药学和药理学 临床药学和药理学
- 传染病 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 关于印度儿科重症监护室 (PICU) 使用抗微生物药物的有限数据,使用标准指标,如治疗日 (DOT).
- 确定基线抗菌药物消费趋势对于制定抗生素政策和加强抗菌药物管理计划至关重要.
- 在重症儿童中使用高抗菌剂需要仔细监测和干预.
研究的目的:
- 确定在印度查蒂斯加尔邦莱普尔的一家三级护理教学医院的PICU中抗菌素使用的基线趋势.
- 使用标准指标 (DOT/1000患者日) 建立抗菌素消费的基准.
- 确定抗生素管理干预措施的优先领域,以优化抗生素的使用和改善患者的治疗结果.
主要方法:
- 在小儿病患者 (2019年11月至2021年3月) 中,18个月的抗菌药物使用的积极监测 (1个月至14岁) 住院时间≥48小时.
- 数据收集包括患者特征,适应症,处方细节和使用预先设计的表格的结果.
- 根据世卫组织AWaRe分类分析的抗菌剂消耗量,表达为DOT/1000患者日 (PD).
主要成果:
- 总体抗菌药物消耗量为1318 DOT/1000 PD,观察小组的消耗量最高 (949 DOT/1000 PD).
- 塞夫特里亚克松 (208 DOT/1000 PD),万科米辛 (201) 和美罗 (175) 是最常被处方的药物.
- 升级经验治疗与降级治疗相比,与更长的PICU停留和更高的死亡率 (29.3%) 相关.
结论:
- 该研究建立了PICU中抗菌药物使用的基准,突出了大量的消费,特别是观察和储备组抗生素.
- 干预的优先领域包括提高降级率,增加向治疗,减少过度使用储备抗菌剂.
- 这些发现支持制定全设施的抗生素政策,并加强印度PICU中的抗菌药物管理活动.
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