MAYEX是一种古老的非编码RNA,用于爬行动物的X染色体剂量补偿
Mariela Tenorio1, Samantha Cruz-Ruiz2, Sergio Encarnación-Guevara1
1Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP62210 Cuernavaca, México.
概括
研究人员发现MAYEX是一种长非编码RNA (lncRNA). 这种古老的 lncRNA 能够平衡性染色体表达,
科学领域:
- 遗传学和基因组学
- 表观遗传学
- 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 对于调节基因表达至关重要,特别是在性别染色体上.
- 剂量补偿机制使各种物种的雄性和雌性染色体表达均.
- 已知的lncRNAs如XIST,RSX和roX2参与哺乳动物,有袋动物和Drosophila的X染色体调节.
研究的目的:
- 调查 lncRNAs 在绿色 (Anolis carolinensis) 的剂量补偿机制中的作用.
- 确定涉及爬行动物的性别染色体调节的新型 lncRNA.
主要方法:
- 生物信息分析以确定 lncRNA.
- 测序RNA以确定表达模式.
- 染色体免疫沉 (ChIP) 来评估表观遗传修饰.
- 3D基因组构造技术用于研究位子循环.
主要成果:
- 在Anolis carolinensis中发现一个古老的 lncRNA,MAYEX,具有男性特异性的表达,可以追溯到8900万年前.
- MAYEX与H4K16ac表观遗传标记相关.
- MAYEX具有将其位点连接到整个X染色体的能力,从而增强基因表达.
结论:
- MAYEX 是第一个涉及剂量补偿机制的爬行动物 lncRNA.
- 这一发现揭示了性染色体上IncRNA介导的基因表达调节的新进化途径.
- 在爬行动物的性别染色体表达平衡中,MAYEX起着至关重要的作用.
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