发酵和未发酵的老化玉米对Holstein奶牛的反造,细菌群落,哺乳性能和血代谢物的影响
X L Wang1, G N Zhang1, Y S Ma1
1College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|September 19, 2024
概括
发酵老化玉米 (FAC) 通过增强营养利用和牛健康,改善了奶牛的饮食. 与传统或老化玉米相比,FAC饮食促进了牛奶产量和免疫功能,同时减少了负面影响.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
- 鲁门 微生物学
背景情况:
- 老化的玉米谷物降低了营养价值,可能会影响奶牛的表现.
- 发酵是一种潜在的策略,可以提高成熟玉米的营养质量.
研究的目的:
- 评估在哺乳期荷尔斯坦牛的饮食中用老化玉米 (AC) 和发酵老化玉米 (FAC) 取代传统玉米 (CC) 的效果.
- 评估对皮发酵,微生物种群,牛奶生产和健康参数的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个复制的3x3拉丁方形实验与六个哺乳荷尔斯坦奶牛.
- 制定了三种饮食:CC,AC和FAC,控制粉和异酸含量.
- 测量包括营养消化能力,乳头挥发性脂肪酸,微生物丰富性,牛奶产量,牛奶成分,血代谢物和免疫标记物.
主要成果:
- 与老化玉米 (AC) 相比,发酵老化玉米 (FAC) 改善了粉的消化能力,增加了总挥发性脂肪酸.
- FAC饮食改变了小麦芽的微生物群落结构,增加了Prevotella和Ruminococcus的丰富性,并改善了细菌的多样性 (辛普森指数).
- 与AC相比,FAC增加了牛奶产量,蛋白质产量和能量校正的牛奶,同时降低了体细胞得分,并改善了血抗氧化能力和免疫球蛋白G水平.
结论:
- 养老化玉米 (AC) 降低了奶牛的血抗氧化能力.
- 发酵老化玉米 (FAC) 增强了乳母奶牛的乳头发酵,微生物多样性,哺乳性能和免疫状态.
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