已故器官捐献者HTLV查实践 在美国取消普遍查后
Junji Yamauchi1,2,3, Divya Raghavan1, Hannah Imlay4
1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Transplantation direct
|September 20, 2024
概括
2009年,在器官捐献者中进行全人类T淋巴细胞病毒 (HTLV) 查结束. 2010年后的数据显示了各种查实践,表明没有实施有针对性的HTLV查,影响了器官利用率.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 移植免疫学 移植免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在美国,在已故器官捐献者中对人类T淋巴细胞病毒 (HTLV) 的普遍查于2009年停止.
- 目前的移植指南建议针对性HLV查,但其影响仍未评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估从普遍到针对性的人类T淋巴细胞病毒 (HTLV) 查在已故器官捐献者的转变的结果.
- 分析HTLV抗体查频率,血清流行率和与器官捐献者的感染风险相关性.
- 评估从HTLV血清阳性捐赠者的器官利用在普遍查停止后.
主要方法:
- 使用了器官采购和移植网络数据库 (2010-2022).
- 在潜在的已故器官捐赠者中分析了HTLV抗体查频率和血清流行率.
- 与捐赠者人口统计 (种族) 和血液传播病原体的高风险行为相关的查率.
- 评估了HTLV阳性捐赠者的器官恢复和移植率.
主要成果:
- 在130,284名潜在捐赠者中,只有16.9%的捐赠者进行了HTLV抗体检测;在各个器官采购组织中,查差异很大 (中位数为3.8%).
- 查率与供体HTLV感染风险因素没有相关性.
- 48名捐赠者 (0.22%) 呈HTLV血清阳性;87.5%的捐赠者至少移植了一个器官,但与血清阴性捐赠者相比,每位血清阳性捐赠者恢复和移植的器官较少.
- HTLV-1感染很少是器官不恢复的原因.
结论:
- 人类T淋巴细胞病毒 (HTLV) 查实践在美国各地不一致.
- 调查结果表明,在普遍查停止后,针对HTLV的查没有得到有效实施.
- 停止普遍查和不一致的有针对性的查可能会影响器官利用率和捐赠池管理.
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