过多的葡萄皮质激素通过11β-HSD1改变了代谢率和基质利用率
Samuel R Heaselgrave1,2,3, Silke Heising3, Stuart A Morgan3
1Center of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
The Journal of endocrinology
|September 20, 2024
概括
过多的葡萄糖皮质醇会损害新陈代谢,增加新陈代谢率和脂肪储存,特别是在女性身上. 酶11β-hydroxysteroid脱酶1型 (11β-HSD1) 对这些有害影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 代谢研究研究 代谢研究
- 动物模型 动物模型
背景情况:
- 系统性葡萄糖皮质激素过量会导致不利的代谢状况,如库辛综合征.
- 酶11β-hydroxysteroid脱酶1型 (11β-HSD1) 放大了这些葡萄糖皮质体效应.
- 精确的代谢后果和11β-HSD1的作用需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究持续的葡萄糖皮质激素过量对小鼠代谢率的影响.
- 确定11β-hydroxysteroid脱酶1型 (11β-HSD1) 在调解这些代谢变化的贡献.
- 为了确定基于葡萄糖皮质醇诱导的代谢变化背后的机制.
主要方法:
- 雄性和雌性野生类型 (WT) 和11β-HSD1淘汰赛 (11β-HSD1 KO) 鼠被用高剂量的皮质或载体治疗了3周.
- 在最后一周进行间接热量计,以评估新陈代谢率和基质利用率.
- 监测身体成分和食物摄入量.
主要成果:
- 皮质激素治疗提高了新陈代谢率和碳水化合物利用率,特别是在光线阶段的雌性WT小鼠中.
- 在皮质激素治疗下,雌性WT小鼠表现出脂肪积累增加和过 (过度饮食).
- 11β-HSD1 KO小鼠受到了皮质类固醇诱导的代谢障碍的保护.
- 超被确定为影响呼吸交换率 (RER) 的因素,而不是影响能量消耗 (EE).
结论:
- 持续的葡萄糖皮质类药物过量会导致显著的代谢障碍,包括变化的代谢率,基质利用率和脂肪积累.
- 11β-hydroxysteroid脱酶1型 (11β-HSD1) 在调解这些代谢障碍的全谱方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 过是导致过多葡萄皮质激素导致呼吸交换比率变化的关键机制.
相关概念视频
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands
2.3K
Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
2.3K
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose
1.5K
Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
1.5K
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
792
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
792
Adrenal Gland Disorders
1.4K
Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
1.4K
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
207
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
207


