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易受热应力影响:国际标准度数值值存在差距
C Brimicombe1, C Gao2, I M Otto3
1Wegener Centre for Climate and Global Change, University of Graz, Brandhofgasse 5, Graz, 8010, Austria. chloe.brimicombe@uni-graz.at.
International journal of biometeorology
|September 20, 2024
概括
热应激值因人群不同而有所不同,但目前的湿球球温度 (WBGT) 标准缺乏对易受伤害的个体的数据. 需要更多的研究来保护所有人免受不断升高的热量暴露.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业安全 在职业安全.
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 全球气温的上升需要准确的热暴露值,以保障公共健康和工作场所的安全.
- 现有的热应激指南,如湿球球体温度 (WBGT),主要考虑适应状态,可能会忽视弱势群体.
- 弱势群体,包括老年人,儿童,孕妇和患有先前疾病的人,热调节能力降低,需要特别考虑热暴露.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析现有关于不同人口群体热应激值的研究.
- 确定有关弱势群体和代表性不足的人口热暴露限值的关键研究缺口.
- 评估当前标准的充分性,如WBGT,解决人口的各种需求.
主要方法:
- 在Scopus数据库 (2023年8月) 中进行了PRISMA系统的关键词搜索"湿球球体温度".
- 在1957年12月至2023年7月期间发表的913项国际研究进行了元分析.
- 对不同人口群体的热应激值提取和分析数据.
主要成果:
- 确定不同的热应激值适用于不同的人口群体.
- 发现对最弱势群体的研究存在重大缺陷,包括缺乏对女性的研究.
- 观察到,大多数研究集中在18-55岁的成年人身上,忽视了最年轻和最年长的年龄组.
结论:
- 目前的热应激值和标准不足以保护所有人口群体,特别是最脆弱的人群.
- 迫切需要有针对性的研究,为不同群体制定具体的热量行动政策和早期预警门.
- 建议未来的研究,以确保整个人口的安全和福祉,面对日益增长的热暴露.
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